Module: Devise::Models::Confirmable

Extended by:
ActiveSupport::Concern
Defined in:
lib/devise/models/confirmable.rb

Overview

Confirmable is responsible to verify if an account is already confirmed to sign in, and to send emails with confirmation instructions. Confirmation instructions are sent to the user email after creating a record and when manually requested by a new confirmation instruction request.

Confirmable tracks the following columns:

  • confirmation_token - A unique random token

  • confirmed_at - A timestamp when the user clicked the confirmation link

  • confirmation_sent_at - A timestamp when the confirmation_token was generated (not sent)

  • unconfirmed_email - An email address copied from the email attr. After confirmation

    this value is copied to the email attr then cleared

Options

Confirmable adds the following options to devise:

* +allow_unconfirmed_access_for+: the time you want to allow the user to access their account
  before confirming it. After this period, the user access is denied. You can
  use this to let your user access some features of your application without
  confirming the account, but blocking it after a certain period (ie 7 days).
  By default allow_unconfirmed_access_for is zero, it means users always have to confirm to sign in.
* +reconfirmable+: requires any email changes to be confirmed (exactly the same way as
  initial account confirmation) to be applied. Requires additional unconfirmed_email
  db field to be set up (t.reconfirmable in migrations). Until confirmed, new email is
  stored in unconfirmed email column, and copied to email column on successful
  confirmation. Also, when used in conjunction with `send_email_changed_notification`,
  the notification is sent to the original email when the change is requested,
  not when the unconfirmed email is confirmed.
* +confirm_within+: the time before a sent confirmation token becomes invalid.
  You can use this to force the user to confirm within a set period of time.
  Confirmable will not generate a new token if a repeat confirmation is requested
  during this time frame, unless the user's email changed too.

Examples

User.find(1).confirm       # returns true unless it's already confirmed
User.find(1).confirmed?    # true/false
User.find(1).send_confirmation_instructions # manually send instructions

Defined Under Namespace

Modules: ClassMethods

Class Method Summary collapse

Instance Method Summary collapse

Class Method Details

.required_fields(klass) ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/devise/models/confirmable.rb', line 70

def self.required_fields(klass)
  required_methods = [:confirmation_token, :confirmed_at, :confirmation_sent_at]
  required_methods << :unconfirmed_email if klass.reconfirmable
  required_methods
end

Instance Method Details

#active_for_authentication? ⇒ Boolean

Overwrites active_for_authentication? for confirmation by verifying whether a user is active to sign in or not. If the user is already confirmed, it should never be blocked. Otherwise we need to calculate if the confirm time has not expired for this user.

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'lib/devise/models/confirmable.rb', line 144

def active_for_authentication?
  super && (!confirmation_required? || confirmed? || confirmation_period_valid?)
end

#after_confirmation ⇒ Object (protected)

A callback initiated after successfully confirming. This can be used to insert your own logic that is only run after the user successfully confirms.

Example:

def after_confirmation
  self.update_attribute(:invite_code, nil)
end



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# File 'lib/devise/models/confirmable.rb', line 308

def after_confirmation
end

#confirm(args = {}) ⇒ Object

Confirm a user by setting it’s confirmed_at to actual time. If the user is already confirmed, add an error to email field. If the user is invalid add errors



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# File 'lib/devise/models/confirmable.rb', line 79

def confirm(args = {})
  pending_any_confirmation do
    if confirmation_period_expired?
      self.errors.add(:email, :confirmation_period_expired,
        period: Devise::TimeInflector.time_ago_in_words(self.class.confirm_within.ago))
      return false
    end

    self.confirmed_at = Time.now.utc

    saved = if pending_reconfirmation?
      skip_reconfirmation!
      self.email = unconfirmed_email
      self.unconfirmed_email = nil

      # We need to validate in such cases to enforce e-mail uniqueness
      save(validate: true)
    else
      save(validate: args[:ensure_valid] == true)
    end

    after_confirmation if saved
    saved
  end
end

#confirmation_period_expired? ⇒ Boolean (protected)

Checks if the user confirmation happens before the token becomes invalid Examples:

# confirm_within = 3.days and confirmation_sent_at = 2.days.ago
confirmation_period_expired?  # returns false

# confirm_within = 3.days and confirmation_sent_at = 4.days.ago
confirmation_period_expired?  # returns true

# confirm_within = nil
confirmation_period_expired?  # will always return false

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'lib/devise/models/confirmable.rb', line 232

def confirmation_period_expired?
  self.class.confirm_within && self.confirmation_sent_at && (Time.now.utc > self.confirmation_sent_at.utc + self.class.confirm_within)
end

#confirmation_period_valid? ⇒ Boolean (protected)

Checks if the confirmation for the user is within the limit time. We do this by calculating if the difference between today and the confirmation sent date does not exceed the confirm in time configured. allow_unconfirmed_access_for is a model configuration, must always be an integer value.

Example:

# allow_unconfirmed_access_for = 1.day and confirmation_sent_at = today
confirmation_period_valid?   # returns true

# allow_unconfirmed_access_for = 5.days and confirmation_sent_at = 4.days.ago
confirmation_period_valid?   # returns true

# allow_unconfirmed_access_for = 5.days and confirmation_sent_at = 5.days.ago
confirmation_period_valid?   # returns false

# allow_unconfirmed_access_for = 0.days
confirmation_period_valid?   # will always return false

# allow_unconfirmed_access_for = nil
confirmation_period_valid?   # will always return true

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'lib/devise/models/confirmable.rb', line 213

def confirmation_period_valid?
  return true if self.class.allow_unconfirmed_access_for.nil?
  return false if self.class.allow_unconfirmed_access_for == 0.days

  confirmation_sent_at && confirmation_sent_at.utc >= self.class.allow_unconfirmed_access_for.ago
end

#confirmation_required? ⇒ Boolean (protected)

Callback to overwrite if confirmation is required or not.

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'lib/devise/models/confirmable.rb', line 187

def confirmation_required?
  !confirmed?
end

#confirmed? ⇒ Boolean

Verifies whether a user is confirmed or not

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'lib/devise/models/confirmable.rb', line 106

def confirmed?
  !!confirmed_at
end

#generate_confirmation_token ⇒ Object (protected)

Generates a new random token for confirmation, and stores the time this token is being generated in confirmation_sent_at



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# File 'lib/devise/models/confirmable.rb', line 248

def generate_confirmation_token
  if self.confirmation_token && !confirmation_period_expired?
    @raw_confirmation_token = self.confirmation_token
  else
    self.confirmation_token = @raw_confirmation_token = Devise.friendly_token
    self.confirmation_sent_at = Time.now.utc
  end
end

#generate_confirmation_token! ⇒ Object (protected) 



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# File 'lib/devise/models/confirmable.rb', line 257

def generate_confirmation_token!
  generate_confirmation_token && save(validate: false)
end

#inactive_message ⇒ Object

The message to be shown if the account is inactive.



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# File 'lib/devise/models/confirmable.rb', line 149

def inactive_message
  !confirmed? ? :unconfirmed : super
end

#initialize(*args, &block) ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/devise/models/confirmable.rb', line 61

def initialize(*args, &block)
  @bypass_confirmation_postpone = false
  @skip_reconfirmation_in_callback = false
  @reconfirmation_required = false
  @skip_confirmation_notification = false
  @raw_confirmation_token = nil
  super
end

#pending_any_confirmation ⇒ Object (protected)

Checks whether the record requires any confirmation.



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# File 'lib/devise/models/confirmable.rb', line 237

def pending_any_confirmation
  if (!confirmed? || pending_reconfirmation?)
    yield
  else
    self.errors.add(:email, :already_confirmed)
    false
  end
end

#pending_reconfirmation? ⇒ Boolean

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'lib/devise/models/confirmable.rb', line 110

def pending_reconfirmation?
  self.class.reconfirmable && unconfirmed_email.present?
end

#postpone_email_change? ⇒ Boolean (protected)

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'lib/devise/models/confirmable.rb', line 270

def postpone_email_change?
  postpone = self.class.reconfirmable &&
    devise_will_save_change_to_email? &&
    !@bypass_confirmation_postpone &&
    self.email.present? &&
    (!@skip_reconfirmation_in_callback || !self.devise_email_in_database.nil?)
  @bypass_confirmation_postpone = false
  postpone
end

#postpone_email_change_until_confirmation_and_regenerate_confirmation_token ⇒ Object (protected) 



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# File 'lib/devise/models/confirmable.rb', line 262

def postpone_email_change_until_confirmation_and_regenerate_confirmation_token
  @reconfirmation_required = true
  self.unconfirmed_email = self.email
  self.email = self.devise_email_in_database
  self.confirmation_token = nil
  generate_confirmation_token
end

#reconfirmation_required? ⇒ Boolean (protected)

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'lib/devise/models/confirmable.rb', line 280

def reconfirmation_required?
  self.class.reconfirmable && @reconfirmation_required && (self.email.present? || self.unconfirmed_email.present?)
end

#resend_confirmation_instructions ⇒ Object

Resend confirmation token. Regenerates the token if the period is expired.



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# File 'lib/devise/models/confirmable.rb', line 134

def resend_confirmation_instructions
  pending_any_confirmation do
    send_confirmation_instructions
  end
end

#send_confirmation_instructions ⇒ Object

Send confirmation instructions by email



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# File 'lib/devise/models/confirmable.rb', line 115

def send_confirmation_instructions
  unless @raw_confirmation_token
    generate_confirmation_token!
  end

  opts = pending_reconfirmation? ? { to: unconfirmed_email } : { }
  send_devise_notification(:confirmation_instructions, @raw_confirmation_token, opts)
end

#send_confirmation_notification? ⇒ Boolean (protected)

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'lib/devise/models/confirmable.rb', line 284

def send_confirmation_notification?
  confirmation_required? && !@skip_confirmation_notification && self.email.present?
end

#send_email_changed_notification? ⇒ Boolean (protected)

With reconfirmable, notify the original email when the user first requests the email change, instead of when the change is confirmed.

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'lib/devise/models/confirmable.rb', line 290

def send_email_changed_notification?
  if self.class.reconfirmable
    self.class.send_email_changed_notification && reconfirmation_required?
  else
    super
  end
end

#send_on_create_confirmation_instructions ⇒ Object (protected)

A callback method used to deliver confirmation instructions on creation. This can be overridden in models to map to a nice sign up e-mail.



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# File 'lib/devise/models/confirmable.rb', line 182

def send_on_create_confirmation_instructions
  send_confirmation_instructions
end

#send_reconfirmation_instructions ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/devise/models/confirmable.rb', line 124

def send_reconfirmation_instructions
  @reconfirmation_required = false

  unless @skip_confirmation_notification
    send_confirmation_instructions
  end
end

#skip_confirmation! ⇒ Object

If you don’t want confirmation to be sent on create, neither a code to be generated, call skip_confirmation!



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# File 'lib/devise/models/confirmable.rb', line 155

def skip_confirmation!
  self.confirmed_at = Time.now.utc
end

#skip_confirmation_notification! ⇒ Object

Skips sending the confirmation/reconfirmation notification email after_create/after_update. Unlike #skip_confirmation!, record still requires confirmation.



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# File 'lib/devise/models/confirmable.rb', line 161

def skip_confirmation_notification!
  @skip_confirmation_notification = true
end

#skip_reconfirmation! ⇒ Object

If you don’t want reconfirmation to be sent, neither a code to be generated, call skip_reconfirmation!



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# File 'lib/devise/models/confirmable.rb', line 167

def skip_reconfirmation!
  @bypass_confirmation_postpone = true
end

#skip_reconfirmation_in_callback! ⇒ Object (protected)

To not require reconfirmation after creating with #save called in a callback call skip_create_confirmation!



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# File 'lib/devise/models/confirmable.rb', line 175

def skip_reconfirmation_in_callback!
  @skip_reconfirmation_in_callback = true
end